So hey guys, today we are going to discuss the “Operating System”, Definition and its types. So, let’s start with the introduction.

Introduction

Guys, as you know that the technology has increased a lot in these twenty years(2001-2021). During these years there was a boom period for the IT sector. Like: Android and iOS were launched within these years, Mac OS was released between these years, and all new versions of Windows were also released between these years (Window XP, Window Vista, Window 7, 8,10), etc and we already know it will go on and on. In today’s time, you can see that everyone uses mobile and computer to make their work easy. So, you must have wondered that how a User interface inside a mobile or computer works?. So the answer is “Software” This is because every computer or an android mobile needs software to operate and All computers or phones need some sort of hardware platform to run the software; these platforms are called “Operating systems” (OS).

So, let’s take a tour of the Operating System.

What is Operating System?

An Operating System is the most important key for a computer device because it helps the computer by running the program on a screen for a user. It is a software or a program that interface between the Computer hardware and the user is known as the “Operating System”. The main motive of an operating system is to provide a clean environment where the user can execute the application/program in an efficient manner.

The first Operating System was created by “General Motors” for IBM Computers to run in a single IBM mainframe computer.

Definition

An Operating System is a collection of software that manages the hardware resources and provides common services for computer programs. It is known as “Operating System”

Types of Operating System

• Batch Operating System
• Multiprogrammed Operating System
• Multitasking/Time-Sharing Operating System
• Multi-Processing
• Real-Time Operating System
• Distributed Operating System
• Network Operating System
• Embedded Operating System
• Mobile Operating System

1) Batch Operating System

The batch operating system are those operating systems in which the user does not interact with the computer directly. To communicate with this operating system then each n every user needs to prepare their jobs/batches on an offline device e.g Punch cards, Paper tape, magnetic tapes, etc. Then, there is an operator who takes responsibility to submit our jobs to the computer. Finally, the computer reads our jobs and then gives us a result. This is known as Batch Operating System.

2) Multi-Programmed Operating System

Multi-Programmed Operating systems are those operating systems where multiple programs are loaded in the main memory for execution. Then the CPU is capable for executes one program and the other program waits until the first program is executed.

3) Multitasking/Time-Sharing Operating System

Multitasking/Time-Sharing Operating System is the extension of a multi-programmed operating system. This type of operating system, allows the multi-user to share the computer at the same period of time with the help of the time-sharing concept, It decides a specific time for the execution this concept is called “Time Quantum”. The CPU has a fixed time to execute the user program in a fixed period of time. When the first execution timing is over then the other Program comes to the CPU for executing the task.

4) Multi-Processing Operating System

In the multi-processing operating system, there have multiple CPUs for the execution. If it has multiple CPUs it means that it can be executing all the programs at the same time. This is known as “Multiple Processing Operating System”

5) Real-Time Operating System

The real-time operating system is an operating system where it defined as a data processing system. In this operating system, the time interval is required to process and respond to inputs is very small. It is a quick and fast response system.

There are two types of real-time operating systems:-

a) Soft-Real Time Operating System: In this operating system, the process will be completed within time-bound. It can easily accept the delay even if we wanna change the time of its operating system.

b) Hard-Real Time Operating system: In this operating system, the process should be completed in an exact time. There is no time-bound and it can’t be a delay. It is a time constraint system where the deadline of time is strictly followed in a fixed time.

5) Distributed Operating System

In the Distributed Operating System, there have various systems in which all systems are interconnected and communicate with each other. They are all connected as a shared communication connection.

This type of operating system comes with the advancement of technology in the computer sector because it is widely used all over the world. It also saves all the data of a computer, if in the distributed system any one system is corrupted so there is no need to worry about the data because also the data is distributed around all of the systems.

6) Network Operating System

Network Operating systems are those operating system which runs on the main server and is connected with the client to provide a network which helps the computer can communication with each other to the other computer system by interlinking their network via a network server. And, it also helps the computer to share their all the resources to the other computer system like Applications, Data, program, files, security and much more.

7) Embedded Operating System

An embedded Operating System is an operating system that is designed for a specific task or purpose which increases the reliability of achieving the specific task. embedded systems also require an operating system that supports their basic functionality and it is mostly used as a Real-time operating system which is the most widely used embedded operating system today.

8) Mobile Operating System

Mobile Operating systems are those systems that are used in a smartphone, tablets, SmartWatch, Android TVs, and much more. This operating system helps the mobile to run applications software in a smart device.

There are some popular Mobile Operating systems that are used in smartphones, tablets, smartwatches, etc and many other devices are Android OS, iOS, Windows Phone OS, Blackberry OS, Symbian OS, Harmony OS, Palm OS, etc.